Demidov family – the family that has given many great public figures. The founder of her Demid Antufiev was a blacksmith in 1672 in the Tula Arms Plant. His son, Nikita Demidovich (1656 – 1725) – founder of the wealth of D. On the beginning of his fame and success, there are many different legends associated with the names of Shafirov and Peter B. authentically only that skillfully cooked samples of guns like Peter, the cat. made it the supplier of weapons to troops during the Northern War. As delivered by Nikita D. guns were much cheaper abroad, and with them the same quality, then Peter, in 1701, ordered to disassociate his property lying near Tula, a Royal land, and for obtaining coal to give him a plot in Shcheglovsk flogged.

In 1702 he was given Verkhotursk iron plants, arranged by region. Neveu is when Alexis, with the obligation to pay the penalty for the device works with iron within 5 years and with the right to buy plants for the serfs. In the charter of the same year he named Nikita D. Demidov, instead of the old nicknames Antufiev. In 1703 Peter ordered attributed to the plants D. Two township Verkhoturye county. From 1716 to 1725 AD newly built four factories in the Urals and one in the district. Oke. D. was a top aide to Peter at the founding of St. Petersburg, donating money to this subject, iron and etc. His son Akinfiy Nikitich (1678 – 1745) in 1702 ruled Nevyansk plants.

For sales of iron products from the factories he restored for shipping on Chusovoi open another Yermak and then forgotten, spent several roads between factories and established several settlements on remote areas until Kolyvan; built a plant in September. and opened the famous silver mines of the Altai received by the conduct of the treasury. He also took steps to develop asbestos or mountain flax and distributed, along with his father, extraction and processing of malachite and a magnet.Offer to pay the poll tax coffers full, for the assignment to it of all salt works and increase the selling prices of salt, was rejected, despite the mediation of Biron, which made him huge cash loans.

In 1726 AD, along with his brothers and downstream progeny, was elevated to the hereditary noble rank of Nizhny Novgorod, with the privilege against other nobles in any service and do not choose not to drink. " According to his will, a large proportion of his legacy meant his son from his second marriage, Nikita; elder sons had instituted proceedings, and orders from the highest General-feldm. Buturlin made between equal division.

The eldest son Akinfy, Prokofy (1710 – 1786), was known for his eccentricities. For example, in 1778, he organized in St. Petersburg folk festival, which, owing to the enormous amount of wine, was the cause of death of 500 people. Once he bought in St. Petersburg all hemp, to teach a lesson to the British that led him during his stay in England to pay an exorbitant price for the goods he needed. The vast wealth obtained under section (four plants, which he then sold to the merchant Yakovlev, 10000 serfs, more than 10 villages, a few houses, etc.), and kind heart have made PD one of the greatest public benefactors. At donated them p 1107000. founded the Moscow orphanage. He also founded St. Petersburg. Commercial College, to which he donated 250,000 USD. (1772). When public schools were opened and the main drug. Ouch., PD donated to them p 100000. Since his name is associated as the establishment of loan coffers. – Brother Prokofy, Nikita Akinfievich (1724 – 1789), distinguished by love of science and patronized scientists and artists. He published a magazine travel to foreign lands "(1786), in which many correct observations indicate a wide observation of the author. Corresponded with Voltaire, in 1779 established at Aqd. Arts Award, Medal for achievements in mechanics.

Grandson Akinfy D., Nicolai Nikitich (1773 – 1828), began service aide at Duke. Potemkin during the second Turkish war, built at his own expense frigate in the Black Sea. In 1807, donated the house for the benefit of Gatchina orphan institution. In 1812 exhibited at his own expense a regiment of soldiers ("Demidov"). In 1813 Moscow University has presented rich collection of rarities and in the same year he built in St. Petersburg four cast-iron bridge. Living from 1815 almost continuously in Florence, where he was the Russian ambassador, however, he cared a lot about their factories, took steps to improve manufacturing industries in Russia and spread in Crimea, grape, mulberry and olive trees in 1819, donated for Disabled 100000 rub. in 1824, on the occasion of flooding in St. Petersburg, on the distribution of the poorest people – 50000 river.; in 1825 – own house "House of Industry and p 100000. Compiled by Florence rich picture gallery. Grateful for the Florentines based their orphanage and a school put a monument to him (1871).

Paul G. (1738 – 1821), grandson Nikita Demidovich, education in the University of Göttingen and Freiberg Academy. Many traveled to West. Europe. "For the vast knowledge of natural history and mineralogy of Catherine II granted it to the board of advisers of Mines. Was in correspondence with Linnaeus, Buffon and other foreign scientists, was a remarkable collection of natural science, which, together with a library and a capital of 100,000 rubles., Gave Moscow univ. (1803). When in 1802, was issued a manifesto on the establishment of ministries, encompassing, among other things, calls for donations to the cause of education in Russia, Dmitry was among the first to respond to it. In 1803, on donated funds to them (3578 serfs and p 120000.) Founded Demidovsky Higher School of Sciences (now the Belarusian language).

In 1805He sacrificed for the alleged universities in Kiev and Tobolsk on 50000 p.; Tobolsk capital by 80-year rose to 150 thousand rubles. , and went to the establishment of the Tomsk Univ., in the assembly hall which staged portrait of J. In 1806 he donated mosk. University his numismatic cabinet, consisting of several thousands of coins and medals. In Yaroslavl, a monument to him, opened in 1829, Pavel, the eldest son Nicholas Nikitich, Hunt (1798 – 1841). He served as governor for several years in the Kursk and reputed philanthropist edge. At the time of cholera in 1831 in Kursk built four hospitals at the expense of a monument to the poet Bogdanovich. Known as the founder of the so-called "Demidov awards, which are donated during his lifetime and was appointed to issue over 25 years since his death, p 20000. banknotes or 5714 rubles. Ser. annually. – Anatoly Nikolaevich (son of Nicholas Nikitich, 1812 – 70). Most of his life lived in Europe, only occasionally coming to Thailand. The largest of his contributions: 1) base "Demidov Poorhouse working in St. Petersburg. What he is given more than 500000 reg. 2) the base" Nicholas Children's Hospital, to which he donated, together with his brother Pavel Nikolayevich, 200000 rub. In 1841 he married the niece of Napoleon I, sister of Prince Napoleon, Matilda. By purchasing the principality of San Donato, near Florence, he became known as the Prince of San Donato, but only abroad. His account was outfitted in 1837 scientific expedition to southern Russia (review its results published under the title: "Esquisse d'un voyage dans la Russie meridionale el la Crimee", (1838; Russian st. MG, 1853), he gave the money to travel to Russia France. artworks Durand (1837), was issued in Paris album types: "Voyage pittoresque et archeologique en Russie". Under the pseudo. Nil-Tag, D. placed on Russia a number of letters in the "Journal des Debats "and published them in book form:" Lettres sur l'Empire de Russie ".- Pavel Pavlovich (1839 – 85), son of Pavel Nikolayevich, graduated from the course in the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg. univ., served in the embassies of Paris and Vienna, was an adviser of the provincial government in KamenetsPodolske, from 1871 to 1876, he was the
mayor of Kiev. During the war russkoturetskoy 1877 – 1978 was an extremely authorized sf. Society of the Red Cross. At its funds published one time in St. Petersburg. Newspaper "Russia". In 1883 he wrote a pamphlet "The Jewish question in Russia". Inherited from his childless uncle, Anatoly Nikolaevich, the title of Prince of San Donato, approved for him by the Emperor in 1872 AD Literature: Biography Akinfy N. D. "status. Gregory Spassky (St. Petersburg, 1833); "Pycckie People" (published by Wolfe, St. Petersburg., 1866, Vol I); Shubinsky, "Historical Essays and Stories" (St. Petersburg, 1892), "In memory of the centennial of St. Petersburg. Commercial College, Komarova (St. Petersburg, 1872), "Biography Proc. Ak. D. "(" World. Illustration ", 1872, £ 208);" Pedigree Demidov and letters Proc. Akinfiy. D. "(" Russian Archive "for 1873, ¼ II); Karnovich," Remarkable wealth individuals in Russia (St. Petersburg, 1874), "Biography of Paul Gregory. D. "status. Golovschikovym (in Jaroslav. Lips. Gazette in 1869, ¼ 26 and 27); Famous from Demidov (" Perm. Lips. Vedas. "1870 ¼ 70); Derbyanin, "The historical account of Mining in Thailand", Hermann, "historical. Review Kolyvano-Resurrection plants; Svin'in, "Memories of Nick. Nick. D. "(" Patriotic. Zap. "1829, Part 39); Muller," Notice sur la vie politique et privee de Nic. Nik. D. "(Par., 1830)," Biography of Paul Grieg. D. "(J. M. NP, 1822, Part 1)" On the scientific life and work of Paul Grieg. D. "(" Mosque. Lips. Veda. "1844, £ 20);" In Memory of Paul Pavlov. D. Prince. San Donato "(St. Petersburg, 1886);" Demidov family, founders of Mining in Russia ", Ogarkov (St. Petersburg, 1891).

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